The theory which I would offer, is simply, that as the land with the attached reefs subsides very gradually from the action of subterranean causes, the coral-building polypi soon raise again their solid masses to the level of the water: but not so with the land; each inch lost is irreclaimably gone; as the whole gradually sinks, the water gains foot by foot on the shore, till the last and highest peak is finally submerged.
Charles Darwin (1840). “Journal of Researches Into the Geology and Natural History of the Varoius Countries Visited by H.M.S. Beagle, Under the Command of Captain Fitzroy from 1832 to 1836 by Charles Darwin”, p.557