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Rudolf Clausius Quotes

The total energy of the universe is constant; the total entropy is continually increasing.

The total energy of the universe is constant; the total entropy is continually increasing.

Rudolf Clausius
Energy, Entropy, Constant

Heat can never pass from a colder to a warmer body without some other change, connected therewith, occurring at the same time.

Rudolf Clausius
Body, Heat, Connected
"On a Modified Form of the Second Fundamental Theorem in the Mechanical Theory of Heat" (1856)

The entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time, approaching a maximum value at equilibrium.

Rudolf Clausius
Increase, Equilibrium, Entropy

The fundamental laws of the universe which correspond to the two fundamental theorems of the mechanical theory of heat. 1. The energy of the universe is constant. 2. The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum.

Rudolf Clausius
Science, Law, Two
Rudolf Clausius (1867). “The Mechanical Theory of Heat: With Its Applications to the Steam-engine and to the Physical Properties of Bodies”, p.365

The energy of the universe is constant.

Rudolf Clausius
Energy, Entropy, Constant
"Ueber Verschiedene fur die Anwendung Bequeme Formen der Hauptgleichungen der Mechanischen Warmetheorie" (1865).

The algebraic sum of all the transformations occurring in a cyclical process can only be positive, or, as an extreme case, equal to nothing. Statement of the second law of thermodynamics, 1862

Rudolf Clausius
Law, Being Positive, Transformation

The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum.

Rudolf Clausius
Entropy, Maximum, Universe
Rudolf Clausius (1867). “The Mechanical Theory of Heat: With Its Applications to the Steam-engine and to the Physical Properties of Bodies”, p.365

In all cases where work is produced by heat, a quantity of heat proportional to the work done is expended; and inversely, by the expenditure of a like quantity of work, the same amount of heat may be produced.

Rudolf Clausius
Done, May, Heat
"On the Moving Force of Heat, and the Laws Regarding the Nature of Heat Itself Which Are Deducible Therefrom" (1851)

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